With the collapse of the Khazar state at the end of the IX. in the Southern Urals began to form a favorable environment for industrial and commercial and trading activities Russes. Created the conditions for hunting, fishing and trade with nomadic peoples. In the lower reaches of the Ural River has resumed on the motion of 'Silk Route' from China in Khorezm in Byzantium. Pechenegs in IX-XI centuries. Land South Urals, as well as the neighboring Slavic countries, were subjected to constant raids by nomadic new – Pechenegs. Pechenegs – union of nomadic tribes, formed by mixing nomadic Turks from the Sarmatian and the Finno-Ugric tribes. Traditional places of encampments were lower reaches of the Volga and Yaik (Ural).
Pechenegs, who were on the stage of decomposition of communal-tribal system, engaged in nomadic cattle. They were the princes and the people's assembly, engaged in trade. Legkokonnoe troops were armed with bows and arrows, spears and less saber. Along with the constant attacks of the Slavic lands, robbed of their troops and of land Southern Urals. However, these nomadic tribes are faced with is already firmly settled in the Scandinavian-rusami. Gradually supplanted Pechenegs Russes to the east. Subsequently, some Pechenegs oslavyanilas part Polovtsy obeyed, and some settled in Southern Europe. Direct descendants of Pechenegs considered to be a modern nation in Moldova – Gagauz. Polovtsi In the same period in the X century., The population of the South Urals are under pressure from – Polovtsian-Kipchaks. These Turkic tribes are ancient ancestors of modern Bashkir.
